1st Amendment (1951) – Added 9th Schedule to protect land reform laws; imposed reasonable restrictions on Freedom of Speech (Art. 19).
7th Amendment (1956) – Reorganisation of States on linguistic basis; creation of Union Territories.
10th Amendment (1961) – Goa, Daman & Diu included as Union Territories.
12th Amendment (1962) – Puducherry incorporated into India.
13th Amendment (1962) – Created Nagaland with special status (Article 371A).
14th Amendment (1962) – Provided Legislative Assembly & Council of Ministers for Puducherry.
21st Amendment (1967) – Sindhi added to the 8th Schedule.
24th Amendment (1971) – Parliament empowered to amend Fundamental Rights (In response to Golaknath Case (1967), not Kesavananda).
25th Amendment (1971) – Inserted Article 31C: DPSPs over Fundamental Rights (Arts. 14 & 19).
26th Amendment (1971) – Abolition of Privy Purses of former rulers.
31st Amendment (1973) – Increased Lok Sabha seats from 525 to 545.
35th Amendment (1974) – Sikkim made an Associate State of India.
36th Amendment (1975) – Sikkim became the 22nd State of India.
38th Amendment (1975) – Emergency proclamation made non-justiciable.
39th Amendment (1975) – Elections of President, VP, PM & Speaker placed beyond judicial review (during Emergency).
42nd Amendment (1976) – “Mini Constitution.” Added Socialist, Secular, Integrity to Preamble; Added Fundamental Duties (Art. 51A); Strengthened DPSPs; Curtailed judicial review.
43rd Amendment (1977) – Restored judiciary’s powers curtailed by the 42nd Amendment.
44th Amendment (1978) – Replaced internal disturbance with armed rebellion; strengthened Fundamental Rights.
52nd Amendment (1985) – Anti-Defection Law; added 10th Schedule.
61st Amendment (1989) – Voting age reduced from 21 to 18.
69th Amendment (1991) – Delhi given special status as National Capital Territory (NCT).
73rd Amendment (1992) – Panchayati Raj; added Part IX & 11th Schedule.
74th Amendment (1992) – Municipalities; added Part IXA & 12th Schedule.
76th Amendment (1994) – Tamil Nadu’s 69% reservation placed in 9th Schedule.
77th Amendment (1995) – Reservation in promotion for SC/ST.
86th Amendment (2002) – Right to Education made Fundamental Right (Art. 21A).
91st Amendment (2003) – Council of Ministers capped at 15%; strengthened Anti-Defection law.
92nd Amendment (2003) – Added Bodo, Dogri, Maithili & Santhali to 8th Schedule.
93rd Amendment (2005) – OBC reservation in educational institutions (except minority institutions).
97th Amendment (2011) – Co-operative societies as a Fundamental Right (Art. 19)
99th Amendment (2014) – NJAC created; struck down in 2015 by Supreme Court.
100th Amendment (2015) – India-Bangladesh Land Boundary Agreement.
101st Amendment (2016) – Introduction of GST.
102nd Amendment (2018) – Constitutional status to NCBC.
103rd Amendment (2019) – 10% EWS reservation in education & jobs.
104th Amendment (2020) – SC/ST reservation extended till 2030; Anglo-Indian nomination abolished.
105th Amendment (2021) – States empowered to identify OBCs.
State Reorganisation → 7th Amendment (1956)
Panchayati Raj → 73rd Amendment (1992)
Municipalities → 74th Amendment (1992)
GST → 101st Amendment (2016)
Right to Education → 86th Amendment (2002)
Voting Age 18 → 61st Amendment (1989)
Anti-Defection Law → 52nd Amendment (1985)
Emergency Provisions → 42nd (1976) & 44th (1978)
EWS Reservation → 103rd Amendment (2019)